A vitamin is an organic molecule (or a set of molecules closely related chemically, i.e. vitamers) that is an essential micronutrient which an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism. Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized in the organism, either at all or not in sufficient quantities, and therefore must be obtained through the diet. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some species but not by others; it is not a vitamin in the first instance but is in the second. The term vitamin does not include the three other groups of essential nutrients: minerals, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids. Most vitamins are not single molecules, but groups of related molecules called vitamers. For example, there are eight vitamers of vitamin E: four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. Some sources list fourteen vitamins, by including choline, but major health organizations list thirteen: vitamin A (as all-trans-retinol, all-trans-retinyl-esters, as well as all-trans-beta-carotene and other provitamin A carotenoids), vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B9 (folic acid or folate), vitamin B12 (cobalamins), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D (calciferols), vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), and vitamin K (phylloquinone and menaquinones).
A veterinary drug (also animal drug) refers to a drug intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in animals. Veterinary drugs can be roughly classified into four categories: ① general disease control drugs; ② infectious disease control drugs; ③ internal and external parasitic disease control drugs; ④ (including growth-promoting drugs). Except for biochemical immune products (bacteria, vaccines, serums, antitoxins and toxoids, etc.) for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, and special veterinary drugs such as special parasitic drugs for livestock and poultry and growth-promoting drugs, the rest are the same as those for human use, but the dosage , dosage forms and specifications are different. It has long been widely used to control livestock and poultry diseases.
Sweetening agent are food additives that impart sweetness to soft drinks. It can be divided into nutritive sweeteners and non-nutritive sweeteners according to their nutritional value; according to their sweetness, they can be divided into low-sweetness sweeteners and high-sweetness sweeteners; Divided into natural sweeteners and synthetic sweeteners. The main functions of sweetening agent in food are as follows: (1) Taste: Sweetness is one of the indicators of many foods. In order to make food and beverages taste palatable, a certain amount of sweetener needs to be added. (2) For the adjustment and enhancement of flavor, sweetness is generally required in cakes; in beverages, there is a "sugar-acid ratio" for flavor adjustment. Sweeteners allow products to achieve good flavor while retaining fresh flavor. (3) The formation of flavor, sweetness and the flavor of many foods are complementary to each other, and the flavor of many products is produced by the combination of flavor substances and sweeteners, so many foods are added with sweeteners.